Our Seven Continents
Melissa Cannon
1st Grade
Geography

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this unit is to introduce students to the seven continents of the world.  This will help familiarize students with geographic locations and sizes of the continents.  By the end of two weeks, students should have a general idea of where each continent is located, important facts about each continent, and correct spellings of continents and their corresponding countries.

CONNECTION TO THE NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR GEOGRAPHY:
1. Know and Understands how to use maps, globes, and other graphical tools to acquire, process, and report information.
4. Knows and understands the physical and human characteristics of places.
14. Knows and understands how the earth's physical and human systems are connected and interact.
The reason for choosing these National Standards for Geography is because this gives students the basic knowledge that they will need in the subject of Geography.  These standards cover the basis of all the major topics they will learn and study in the future.

APPLICABLE TEXAS ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND STANDARDS:
Seeing The World In Spatial Terms Places and Regions Environment and Society.

OBJECTIVE LIST:
Students will demonstrate their ability:
1. To identify continents by their shapes and sizes.
2. To master correct spellings of countries and continents.
3. To match countries with the correct continents.
4. To better understand their geographical locations.
5. To find information and analyze an Internet site.

OVERVIEW OF THIS PRESENTATION:
This project is to help introduce first grade students to continents of the world.  This is a general and basic lesson because of the grade level.  The main purpose of this project is to introduce not only continents to these students, but the world as well. They will have a chance to explore places they never knew about.  The activities provided in this unit focus on basic facts about our continents but hopefully will be things they can carry with them forever.

PROCEDURES:

Day One:

Sponge Activity:  To begin our unit on continents, the first day the students will be provided with a word search which will include all seven of the continents. Students will work on this individually when they first enter the classroom.  This will be a challenging activity for first graders because the words are long and unfamiliar to the students.
Opening:  During this time, I will explain to the class what we are getting ready to study. I will write the word continent on the board and give them a chance to guess what they think that might mean. With help from the teacher, we will come up with a class definition of continent. I will then use a world map and point out the different continents to the class and explain that those where the words they were looking for on their word search.
Guided Practice:  After introducing the unit and the names of each continent, I will have a student write the names of the seven continents on the board under our definition of continent.  The first day we will familiarize ourselves with all the continents and their locations. Then each day for the following two weeks we will spend a day on each continent. I will pass out a world map and together we will label the continents. I will also pass around a globe for students to look at as well. We will discuss the different shapes and sizes of the continents and helpful ways to remember each.
Independent Practice:  Because this is the first day to work with continents, they will work on their activity in groups. Each group will be given a blank map.  They are to discuss and decide which continents they have according to the descriptions given earlier in the class period.  After they decide which continent they have, they are to label it, color it, and then have one person from the group tape his on the board for the class to see.  Each student in the group will have his own map to label and color and keep for later use. After all groups have completed this activity, you will have a bulletin board with all seven continents labeled to refer to throughout the two week period.

Day Two:

Sponge Activity:  For the following seven days, when students come into the classroom in the morning, there will be a blank world map on their desk.  It will be labeled by numbers one through seven on the continents.  Today they will color the continent labeled #1.  I will teach the continents in alphabetical order so #1 will be Africa.
Opening:  Today's focus will be on the continent Africa.  We will read A Is For Africa, by Ifeoma Onyefulu to begin class.  This is a story about life in Africa and is told in alphabetic form. (Example: I is for Indigo)  After reading the story we will discuss Africa by exploring the pictures in the book.
Guided Practice:  Write AFRICA on the board and have students tell you what they might already know about this continent.  Make a list of the things you just discussed.  Use the maps they colored for the bulletin board the day before to identify Africa.
Independent Practice:  Have students write down one thing they learned about Africa and share it with the rest of the class. After sharing time, we will put the interesting facts in a bucket for later use. Take turns in groups working on Internet worksheets.

Day Three:

Sponge Activity:  Color in #2 on their world map.  This will be Antarctica.
Opening:  Identify Antarctica on the bulletin board.  Review for a few minutes the continent you studied yesterday.
Guided Practice:  Use Antarctica to talk about climate and weather. Talk about this being a cold place to live and discuss how you would have to dress warmer.  Explain that this continent is in the south and discuss directions.
Independent Practice:  Have students write and share something they learned about Antarctica.  Add the facts to the bucket.  Have students pretend they are going to visit Antarctica and have them write a letter to their parents describing where they are going and what they need to take with them.

Day Four:

Sponge Activity:  Color in #3 on their world map. This will be Asia.
Opening:  Identify Asia on the bulletin board.  Review the other two continents you have covered.  Use clues in bucket and have students guess which continent it describes.
Guided Practice: Use the book Asia and Australasia for reference in your discussion.  Talk about countries in Asia students might recognize such as China.  Talk about how Asia has one of the largest populations and explain to students population.
Independent Practice:  Have students write and share facts about Asia and add to the bucket. Have students draw a picture to describe the continent. Allow time to share at the end of class.

Day Five:

Sponge Activity:  Color in #4 on world map.  This will be Australia.
Opening: Identify Australia on the bulletin board.  Use facts from the bucket to review.
Guided Practice:  Read through Asia and Australasia.  Use this continent to talk about animals such as the Koala Bear. Talk about the things Asia and Australia have in common and things different.
Independent Practice: Have students add Australia facts to the bucket.  Break into groups and pass out a Venn Diagram for compare/contrast.  They should refer back to the things presented in class discussion.   It also gives parents a chance to see what their child had been working on at school.

Day Six:

Sponge Activity:  Color in #5 on the world map which will be Europe.
Opening:  Identify Europe on the bulletin board.  Use the bucket game to review.
Guided Practice:  To introduce the continent of Europe, discuss several of their countries such as England and Scotland.  To help the students grasp where these countries are located, we will talk about people from these countries such as Queen Elizabeth.
Independent Practice:  Assign each child a pen pal from Europe.  They will spend this time writing a letter to a child in Europe telling who they are and where they are from.

Day Seven:

Sponge Activity:  Color in #6 on the world map which will be North America.
Opening:  Identify North America on the bulletin board.  Spend more time today with the bucket game since the list has grown.
Guided Practice:  Use globes and have students point out the continent they live on.  Talk about the United States and the state and city they are from.
Independent Practice:  Break into groups and each group will have a question to answer.
   - What continent do I live in?
   - What country do I live in?
   - What state and city do I live in?
Each group will present their question and answer to the class using a globe (the Odessy Electronic Globe could be used here) to identify their answer.  Then they will individually fill out a worksheet with the same questions.   Add facts to the bucket game.

Day Eight:

Sponge Activity:  Color in #7 on the world map which will be South America.
Opening:  Explain that this is the last continent to study.  Identify it on the bulletin board and spend time reviewing with the game.  Make sure they can still identify each map on the board.
Guided Practice:  Use the same procedure from day 5 and compare/contrast North and South America.
Independent Practice:  Have students add South America to their game.  Spend the rest of the time making sure everyone has a map for each continent, a list of facts for each, and all the activities from the past seven days.  Have each child assemble their papers together to make a book.  With construction paper, have them make a cover titled "My Little Book of Continents."  Be sure and include a page of vocabulary words and also add the extended activities to the book.  They should have several pages to their book that they can use as a review for their test on the last day.  This is a good way to get students to take their work home and have parents review with them.  It also gives parents a chance to see what their child had been working on at school.

Day Nine:

Sponge Activity:  Have students share with each other their completed books.
Opening:  Make this a discussion time. Let students know tomorrow they will be tested over what we have studied the past two weeks.  Allow time for questions and catch-up time for those who may have been absent.
Guided and Independent Practice:  For review, I will have students work in centers.  They will have four centers to work through and should work in the same groups they have had throughout the unit.
Center 1:  This will help review maps.  There will be several blank maps on the table for students to label, color, cut out, and glue onto a world map.
Center 2:  This center is to review vocabulary words.  I will have flash cards made with pictures on one side and the word to match it on the other side.
Center 3:  I will have a hyperstudio set up that review continents.  They will click each continent on a world map and it will talk about it.
Center 4:  This will be a game center.  There will be two games for them to take turns playing.  The first will be a guessing game.  Have half the students in the group read clues describing a continent (use clues from bucket game) and have the other half write their answers on the board.  The second game will be a matching game.  You would play this the same way you play memory by matching two pictures for a winning pair.  Make sure students take home the book they made to study for test.

Day Ten:

Sponge Activity:  Review maps on the bulletin board one last time and then take them down before the test.
Opening:  Take up all the books they should have completed yesterday.
Evaluation/Assessment/Feedback:  For their assessment, have students match words to pictures of maps and have them write a paragraph about what they learned this week.  You have taken up their books that should have every activity from the unit in it.  You can now go through that and evaluate and grade them on this as well.

CLOSURE:   To finish up the unit, have students share their paragraph they wrote and put them on display by the maps in your room for them to look at and remember throughout the year.

MATERIALS:  Use of classroom bulletin boards and school computers required.

APPENDIX:  Includes maps, Internet worksheets, and word search.

EXTENSIONS:  I would expand this lesson plan for teaching math, art, and spelling/writing.
Math - Have cutouts of all the continents in various colors and sizes for students to sort and match correctly.  You could also use the cutouts for word problems.  Example:  There are four blue continents and three red continents. How many more blue continents are there than red?
Art - Color the maps or use the continent book as an art activity.
Spelling/Writing - Use the words from the maps and continents as spelling words.  Continue to write to your pen pal.  Use the flash cards from the center to review and practice vocabulary words.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Lye, Keith. Asia and Australasia.  Illustrated by Ron Hayward. Aladdin Books. 1987.
A book describing the locations, cultures, and economy of these two continents.
Onyefulu, Ifeoma.  A Is For Africa.  Illustrated by Ifroma Onyefulu. Cobblehill Books. 1993.
The author, a member of the Igbo tribe in Nigeria, presents texts and her own photographs of 26 things from A to Z.
Ferguson Consulting, Inc.  Puzzlemaker. 1998.  http://www.puzzlemaker.com (May 2, 1998) Internet site where obtained word search. There are other puzzle formats and links to others.
Africa Online, Inc. 1997.  http://www.africaonline.com/AfricaOnline/kidsonly/map.html (May 2, 1998) Internet site where there is a map and a short quiz.

INTERNET WORKSHEET:
http://www.africaonline.com/AfricaOnline/kidsonly/map.html   
There are 55 countries on or associated with the continent of Africa.
Before we can decide where to go we should know what our options are.
How many countries in Africa can you name ?
Which country is number 26?  A. Togo   B. Ghana   C. Guinea   D. Niger
Match the number on the map to the correct country.  __Algeria  __Angola  __Benin
__Botswana  __Burkina  __Faso  __Burundi  __Cameroon  __Canary Islands
__Cape Verde  __Central African Republic  __Chad __Comoro __Congo
__Cote D'Ivoire __Djibouti __Egypt __Equatorial Guinea __Eritrea __Ethiopia
__Gabon __Gambia  __Ghana  __Guinea  __Guinea-Bissau  __Kenya  __Lesotho
__Liberia  __Libya  __Madagascar __Malawi  __Mali  __Mauritania  __Mauritius
__Morocco  __Mozambique  __Namibia __Niger  __Nigeria __Rwanda
__ Sao Tome & Principe  __Senegal  __Seychelles  __Sierra Leone  __Somalia
__South Africa __Sudan  __Swaziland  __Tanzania  __Togo  __Tunisia
__Uganda  __Western Sahara  __Zaire  __Zambia __Zimbabwe
Click HERE for the answers.    How many did you answer correctly?

Created 5-10-98

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